Study register · detail
Mixed
GRADE
Moderate
501 citations
Samplen = 88 Pat.
Durationunclear
ControlPlacebo
EndpointVAS
Blindingdoppelblind
DesignRCT (placebokontrolliert, multizentrisch)
Cannabinoidthc
Max. dose5.0 mg
Routeoral
Key finding
Dronabinol showed significant improvement in appetite (38% vs. 8%, p=0,015) and reduction in nausea (20% vs. 7%, p=0,05), but no statistically significant difference in body weight (stable vs. -0,4 kg, p=0,14).
Summary
RCT with n=88 AIDS patients (>2,3 kg weight loss), dronabinol 2×2,5 mg/day vs. placebo over 6 weeks. Dronabinol group: appetite increase 38% vs. 8% placebo (p=0,015), stable weight vs. -0,4 kg placebo (p=0,14), 22% weight gain ≥2 kg vs. 10,5% placebo (p=0,11). Side effects mild-moderate (euphoria, dizziness), discontinuation rate 8,3% vs. 4,5% placebo.
P
PopulationAdults with AIDS-associated anorexia and ≥2,3 kg weight loss, n=139 (evaluable n=88)
I
InterventionDronabinol 2,5 mg twice daily orally
C
ControlPlacebo
O
OutcomeSignificant increase in appetite versus baseline (38% vs. 8%, p=0,015); mood improvement (10% vs. −2%, p=0,06); reduction in nausea (20% vs. 7%, p=0,05); weight stable vs. −0,4 kg in placebo (p=0,14, n.s.)
Confidence in the evidence
Moderate
The third of four GRADE levels, the effect estimate is probably reliable.
Downgraded for
Imprecision
Quality profile
Sample size
★★★★★
Blinding
Double-blind
Effect size
Mixed
Citations / year
★★★★★
Authors
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Abstract
The effects of dronabinol on appetite and weight were evaluated in 139 patients with AIDS-related anorexia and > or = 2.3 kg weight loss in a multi-institutional study. Patients were randomized to receive 2.5 mg dronabinol twice daily or placebo. Patients rated appetite, mood, and nausea by using a 100-mm visual analogue scale 3 days weekly. Efficacy was evaluable in 88 patients. Dronabinol was associated with increased appetite above baseline (38% vs 8% for placebo, P = 0.015), improvement in mood (10% vs -2%, P = 0.06), and decreased nausea (20% vs 7%; P = 0.05). Weight was stable in dronabinol patients, while placebo recipients had a mean loss of 0.4 kg (P = 0.14). Of the dronabinol patients, 22% gained > or = 2 kg, compared with 10.5% of placebo recipients (P = 0.11). Side effects were mostly mild to moderate in severity (euphoria, dizziness, thinking abnormalities); there was no difference in discontinued therapy between dronabinol (8.3%) and placebo (4.5%) recipients. Dronabinol was found to be safe and effective for anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with AIDS.
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